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Fortune (Plymouth Colony ship)
Also see sister article: Passengers of 1621 Fortune voyage
In the fall of 1621 the Fortune was the second English ship destined for Plymouth Colony in the New World, one year after the voyage of the Pilgrim ship ''Mayflower''. Financed as the ''Mayflower'' was by Thomas Weston and others of the London-based Merchant Adventurers, ''Fortune'' was to transport thirty-five ''settlers'' to the colony on a ship that was much smaller than ''Mayflower''. The ''Fortune'' required two months to prepare for the voyage and once underway, reached Cape Cod on November 9, 1621 and the colony itself in late November. The ship was unexpected by those in Plymouth colony and although it brought useful settlers, many of whom were young men, it brought no supplies, further straining the limited food resources of the colony. The ship only stayed in the colony about three weeks, returning to England in December loaded with valuable furs and other goods. But when nearing England, instead of heading to the English Channel, a navigation error caused the ship to sail south-east to the coast of France, where it was overtaken and seized by a French warship. The ''Fortune'' finally arrived back in London in February 1622, over two months after leaving Plymouth, but without its valuable cargo. In the end, Weston lost his total investment in the ''Fortune'' voyage making it worthwhile only in providing Plymouth colony with new settlers, some of whom became notable persons in the history of the colony.〔Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the ''Mayflower'' in 1620, the ''Fortune'' in 1621, and the ''Anne'' and the ''Little James'' in 1623'' (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006), p. 103〕〔Nathaniel Philbrick, ''Mayflower: A story of Courage, Community and War'' (New York: Viking 2006) pp. 123-125, 135〕〔Nick Bunker, ''Making Haste from Babylon: The Mayflower Pilgrims and their New World a History'' (New York: Knopf 2010), pp. 291, 292〕
== Preparing for the voyage ==
At 55 tons displacement, and about 1/3 the tonnage of the ''Mayflower'', the ''Fortune'' was tasked with delivering thirty-five new settlers to Plymouth Colony. Their leader was Robert Cushman who, in 1620, had been the Leiden agent in London for the ''Mayflower'' and ''Speedwell''. It is believed that the majority of the passengers of the ''Fortune'' were gathered together in London by Thomas Weston and his partner. And although William Bradford stated that there were thirty-five persons on board ''Fortune'', the names of only twenty-eight persons are noted as receiving lots credited to those arriving as noted in the 1623 Division of Land. Eighteen persons are known to have been unmarried, eight married, but emigrating without their families, and as far as can be determined, Mrs. Martha Ford may have been the only woman on the ship. Although it is possible some of the missing seven persons in the passenger count were wives, Bradford does not leave that impression in his account.
Per author Charles Banks, individual records show that sixteen of the passengers can definitely be assigned to London or districts of the city such as Stepney and Southwark. Another three passengers were from Leiden in Holland. Ten more passengers, whose origins cannot be determined, either died early or left the colony as determined by who was listed in the 1627 Division of Cattle, which also doubled as a type of census.〔Charles Edwards Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the ''Mayflower'' in 1620, the ''Fortune'' in 1621, and the ''Anne'' and the ''Little James'' in 1623'' (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006), p. 104〕〔Nick Bunker, ''Making Haste from Babylon: The Mayflower Pilgrims and their New World a History'' (New York: Knopf 2010), p. 291〕
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